Showing posts with label Heart Surgery Doctor in India. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Heart Surgery Doctor in India. Show all posts

Wednesday, March 27, 2024

When Is Open Heart Surgery Performed?

Heart surgery, medically termed cardiac surgery, refers to any operation done by a heart surgeon on the cardiac muscles, arteries, or valves. The term “open heart surgery” refers to the conventional surgical approach of addressing any heart problems wherein a cut or opening is made in the chest to directly access the heart.

If you have been suggested to undergo open heart surgery to correct blockage, replace diseased heart valves or others, then this article will help you. Dr. Sujay Shad, the best heart surgeon who performs Open Heart Surgery in Delhi at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, will tell you all about this life-saving procedure.

 


What are the common types of open-heart surgery?

In this procedure the heart surgeon cuts through the breastbone and spreads the ribs to reach the heart. During the surgery, the patient is put on a heart-lung bypass machine. The patient’s heart beating is stopped and the heart’s working is taken over by the bypass machine. 

 

Open heart surgery is commonly of the following kinds:

Heart bypass surgery (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft): This surgery is performed in case of blockage. It involves creating a separate route, a bypass to allow the oxygen-rich blood to reach the heart.

Heart valve surgery: This surgery is done to repair or replace diseased heart valves that cause blood to backflow.

Surgery to correct a congenital heart defect: This corrective Open Heart Surgery in Delhi fixes or treats a structural defect in the heart present since birth. Some of the types of paediatric heart surgery are patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation, coarctation of the aorta repair, atrial/ventricular septal defect repair, and tetralogy of fallot repair.     

 

When is open heart surgery performed?

Open heart surgery may be done to treat any of the following conditions:


Aortic disease: Aorta is the largest artery of the body that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. It may get damaged or malfunction with diseases like atherosclerosis (plaque build-up), hypertension, genetic disorders like bicuspid aortic valve disease or Marfan syndrome, and connective tissue disorders like Turner syndrome or Ehlers Danlos syndrome. Open heart surgery can help repair and replace the damaged aortic valve.

Coronary artery disease: This disease is the result of the narrowing of the coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart. Open heart surgery can help treat coronary artery disease by creating a bypass for blood to flow.

Arrhythmias: It is a cardiac condition wherein the heart beats abnormally, either too slow too fast, or irregularly due to malfunctioning electrical impulses. Open heart surgery can help the heart properly beat by implanting medical devices like pacemakers.  

Heart valve disease: Valves allow the blood to flow in a forward direction between the upper and lower heart chambers and even out of the heart. There are two ways by which the heart valve can get diseased: Stenosis (stiffening or thickening of the flaps) and regurgitation (leaky valve or valve insufficiency). Open heart valve surgery can be performed to repair or replace any diseased valve.

Heart failure: It is a condition when the heart fails to pump properly to allow enough blood flow to meet the individual body's needs. Many cardiac conditions can end up with heart failure. These include cardiac amyloidosis, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, cancer-related heart disease, constrictive pericarditis, heart valve disease, and coronary artery disease. Open heart surgery can be done to transplant a donor's heart in place of a damaged heart.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: In this cardiac condition, the walls of the left ventricle of the heart become thick and stiff and the blood supply gets obstructed. It can lead to atrial fibrillation, stroke, heart failure, and ventricular arrhythmias that can cause cardiac arrest. Septal myectomy is a kind of open-heart surgery that can treat this heart condition.

 

How is open heart surgery performed?

In general, open-heart surgery is performed by following these basic steps:


  1. The patient is provided with general anaesthesia so that they remain unconscious and pain-free during the surgery.
  2. Next, the surgeon makes an 8 to 10-inch long cut in the chest. Through the cut, the surgeon passes all or a portion of the patient’s breastbone to get access to the heart.
  3. Once the heart is exposed, the patient’s heart may be connected to a heart-lung bypass machine.
  4. Then, the surgeon addresses the specific issues of the heart like repairing or replacing the valve/artery, implanting a medical device, creating a bypass, or transplanting the donor heart.
  5. After the needful is done, the surgeon closes the breastbone with wire and leaves the wire inside.
  6. Lastly, the original cut is stitched up and the heart is covered with sterile bandages.

 

Are there any risks of having open heart surgery?

Just like any other surgery, open heart surgery also poses some risks. The potential risks include:


  • Heart attack or stroke
  • Blood clot
  • Huge loss of blood
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Kidney or lung failure
  • Chest pain and low-grade fever
  • Fuzziness or memory loss
  • Troubled breathing
  • Pneumonia
  • Chest wound infection (mostly in diabetics, obese people, or those who have undergone CABG surgery)
  • The risk is increased when a heart-lung bypass machine is used.

 

What at-home care do I need to recover from my open heart surgery?

As per Heart Surgery Doctor in Delhi, After coming back home following your heart surgery, you must do the following:

 

  • Take proper care of your incision site and regularly inspect it for any signs of infection.
  • Manage your pain or discomfort with prescribed painkillers.
  • Avoid intake of caffeine, tobacco, narcotics, and alcohol as these can impair the natural healing process.
  • Take adequate sleep, eat heart-healthy food, and drink plenty of water.

 

When is open heart surgery preferred over minimally invasive heart surgery?

In recent times, minimally invasive heart surgeries, also known as the keyhole approach, have taken over the traditional open-heart surgery. That’s because the keyhole approach offers many benefits like no broken breast bone, no risk of bone infection, minimal pain, short recovery, minimal downtime, and small scarring. However, not every heart patient can go for the keyhole approach.

The factors that decide which approach to go ahead with include the patient’s heart condition, general health, age, improved patient outcomes, and other pertinent considerations. Certain patients’ condition or the complexity of the case necessitates the surgeon to perform open heart surgery.

 

Consult the Best Heart Surgeon!

Dr. Sujay Shad, a renowned cardiologist and heart surgeon for Open Heart Surgery in Delhi at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital. He is a skilled heart surgeon who has successfully conducted many life-saving heart surgeries.

 

Reach out for a consultation today to learn more!

Friday, June 2, 2023

Heart Bypass Surgery: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Procedure, And More

Heart bypass surgery is used to treat a blocked artery bypassing a blocked artery to improve blood flow to the heart. The surgeon uses a healthy blood channel from another part of the body to connect to the beginning and end of the obstruction, allowing blood to flow in a different direction. This new channel allows blood to pass through the restricted area, allowing more blood to reach the heart.

Coronary artery disease is treated with heart bypass surgery. Plaque, a waxy substance inside the heart's arteries, blocks blood and oxygen from reaching it. Depending upon the complexity of the surgery the bypass surgery cost in Delhi is determined by the heart bypass surgeon at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Dr. Sujay Shad.


Depending on how many arteries are blocked, there are four main types of heart bypass surgery:

  • Single-bypass surgery
  • Double bypass surgery
  • Triple bypass surgery
  • Quadruple bypass surgery.

 Symptoms of blocked arteries

  • Coronary artery disease occurs when the coronary arteries become obstructed.
  • Numerous factors contribute to this, including genetics, lifestyle, diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. As the arteries narrow and the heart loses oxygen, symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, or even a heart attack occur, in which a piece of the heart muscle dies from a lack of oxygen.
  • Angina is commonly described as chest discomfort but not constantly uncomfortable. Most patients describe it as an uncomfortable feeling or tightness in the chest, with discomfort in the left arm, shoulder, jaw, or abdomen.
  • Some people with coronary artery disease do not experience any discomfort or tightness and may even have a so-called silent heart attack. Women and diabetics are more prone to this.


Why is Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery done?

Coronary artery bypass surgery is performed for two reasons: to ease coronary artery disease (CAD) symptoms such as angina and to improve survival when there are significant or many blockages in the heart arteries. When medical treatments such as blood thinners and drugs that relax the arteries, lower the heart rate and lessen chest pain have not been able to improve symptoms of CAD, it is performed either as an emergency procedure after a heart attack or as an elective procedure.


Ideal candidates for heart bypass surgery

The build-up of a fatty material known as "plaque" can constrict or clog the coronary arteries. It is known as atherosclerosis. If a patient has many sites of atherosclerosis, the doctor may advise heart bypass surgery. If a patient has:

  • Pain in the chest that does not improve with medication
  • Unstable angina
  • Had a previous heart attack
  • Coronary artery disease: not appropriate for coronary angioplasty or stenting.


Diagnosis

The common route to surgery would generally begin when a patient seems to have chest tightness after walking up a hill that resolves when they stop walking. The doctor may arrange for a stress test in which the patient exercises on a treadmill.

At the same time, the heart is monitored using ultrasonography (echocardiography) or an ECG to look for signs of oxygen depletion (ischemia). If the stress test is positive and there are signs of oxygen starvation, the patient will be referred to a cardiologist, who will perform coronary angiography.

The angiography will assess the degree of coronary disease and whether the patient requires surgery or alternative medicinal therapy.


Before the procedure

Blood tests, an electrocardiogram (EKG), and chest X-rays will be conducted before surgery. Coronary angiography is an X-ray procedure that a physician may use. A special dye is used to show how blood flows through arteries.

Patients will also be informed if any dietary or lifestyle changes, as well as prescription changes, are required before surgery. Inform the doctor about any vitamins or supplements the patient is taking, even if they are natural, in case they increase the risk of bleeding. Patients must also plan for their post-surgery recovery.


During the procedure

Coronary artery bypass surgery is done either open or through an incision in the sternum.

During the procedure, a healthy blood vessel is removed from a body part such as the leg (long saphenous vein), arm (radial artery), or chest (internal thoracic artery). The heart is carefully stopped while the grafts are being generated. During this time, a heart-lung machine mimics the heart and lungs by delivering oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and keeping the blood flowing.

If the artery graft is obtained from the leg or arm, one end is joined to the aorta, and the other end is attached to the coronary artery beyond the obstruction by fine sutures. Blood can now readily reach the heart after bypassing the blocked and constricted region.

If the internal thoracic artery is being used, the surgeon will redirect it by removing one end of it and reattaching it below the blocked section of the coronary artery.

After the surgery, the heart will be restarted, the heart-lung machine removed, and the incision repaired with absorbable sutures. The sternum bone is reconstructed with stainless steel wires that remain in place when the bone heals. They are inert, do not set off metal detectors, and are MRI-compatible after 6–8 weeks.

If one wants to know about this surgery in detail they can consult with Dr. Sujay Shad, Heart Surgery Doctor in India at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital.


After the procedure

  • When a person wakes up, a tube will be put into their throat to assist them with breathing, and it will be uncomfortable and disturbing, but it is necessary, and within 24 hours, a doctor will usually remove the tube.
  • On average, a person will spend around a week in the hospital after surgery, and soreness and night sweats are normal, and patients can expect to cough a lot because there may be some fluid in the lungs.
  • Most patients start eating and moving around after removing the breathing tube.
  • Platelet inhibitors are routinely used as post-surgery therapy to help prevent blood clots.


Post-operative guidelines

Patients must follow a few post-operative guidelines after surgery, which include:

  • Lifting heavy objects, performing rigorous exercises, and driving should be avoided for several weeks after surgery to allow the sternum to recover.
  • To alleviate chest pain and avoid blood clots, medications may be recommended.
  • While recuperating, the doctor may advise patients to wear compression stockings around the calf muscles.
  • Patients should consult the doctor when they notice redness, swelling, irregular heartbeats, palpitations, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or weakness.

Patients can treat or prevent the advancement of CAD with lifestyle changes, such as:

  • Exercise regularly.
  • Consume a low-salt, low-cholesterol diet.
  • Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol.
  • Lose weight if a patient is overweight.
  • Control diabetes and high blood pressure.

For more information on heart bypass surgery in Delhi, and how this is performed. Consult Dr. Sujay Shad at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in New Delhi. All types of heart surgeries are performed at the hospital in patients of all ages.


Saturday, January 29, 2022

Are You Looking for the best Heart Surgery Doctor in India


 

Lifestyle changes and medications can treat heart failure, but some people need open-heart operations and surgeries to treat underlying causes. Heart Failure Surgery in Delhi performed by Dr. Sujay Shad focuses either on the coronary arteries or the heart valves to improve blood flow or heart functioning. It can allow normal heart pumping so that the proper amount of oxygen-rich blood reaches the heart muscles for its working. The surgeries include valve replacement surgery, coronary artery bypass graft surgery (also called angioplasty to prevent or treat blocked coronary arteries), LVAD, ECMO, and heart transplant surgery. Post-operation, the person has a longer survival rate and improved quality of life. The shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue are no longer felt after heart surgery. Thus, the heart patients can resume their daily physical activities and exercises without any discomfort. Meet Dr. Sujay Shad, best Heart Surgery Doctor in India, to know more about heart failure treatment at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Best Hospital for Heart Surgery.


When Is Open Heart Surgery Performed?

Heart surgery, medically termed cardiac surgery, refers to any operation done by a heart surgeon on the cardiac muscles, arteries, or valves...